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Rethinking Cross-Tokenizer On-Policy Distillation: From Alignment Coverage to Supervision Reliability

153 upvotes · 6 OCT 2026 · Bingxi Hou, Guochao Jiang, Guofeng Quan et al.

This paper investigates how to improve the effectiveness of On-Policy Distillation, a technique that trains a student model on its own generated data with teacher feedback. By prioritizing supervision reliability over alignment coverage, the researchers found that using a smaller subset of shared vocabulary at aligned positions can lead to comparable accuracy to using the full shared vocabulary.